Numerical Simulation of Fluid Dynamics During Steel Draining of Ladle

Abstract

It is well known that precise temperature control is essential in the steel industry. Even though a general estimation can be obtained with the help of heat balance evaluation for every phase of a given process, more accurate results can only be obtained if other phenomena are taken into account, particularly when the mutual influence of subsequent process phases is considered. In the process of continuous casting, the liquid steel is transferred from the ladle to the tundish through a nozzle in the bottom of the ladle. During previous process a superficial layer of slag is formed, to make this transfer of metallurgical vessels has a risk of passage of slag to the tundish. Due to the formation of vortex and sink drain in the steel bath, there is a need for the process to be stopped before the ladle is empty, observing the waste of some part of the liquid steel. In this work, some variables will be analyzed by means of numerical simulations: the variables such as: the eccentricity of the nozzle teeming, the inclination of the bottom of the ladle and the ratio of the diameter of the cone and the diameter of the casting ladle, which influences the pulling of slag during taping of steel, order to quantify the minimum amount of liquid steel contained in the ladle.